{"id":1617,"date":"2024-10-18T16:22:43","date_gmt":"2024-10-18T07:22:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/skanto.co.kr\/?p=1617"},"modified":"2024-10-29T09:23:31","modified_gmt":"2024-10-29T00:23:31","slug":"%eb%ac%bc%eb%a6%ac%ed%95%99%ec%a0%81-%ec%82%ac%ea%b3%a0%ea%b0%80-%ec%96%b4%eb%96%bb%ea%b2%8c-ai%eb%a5%bc-%ea%b0%80%eb%8a%a5%ed%95%98%ea%b2%8c-%ed%96%88%eb%82%98-2024-%eb%85%b8%eb%b2%a8%ec%83%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/skanto.co.kr\/?p=1617","title":{"rendered":"\ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc801 \uc0ac\uace0\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c AI\ub97c \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\uac8c \ud588\ub098: 2024 \ub178\ubca8\uc0c1"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\uc778\uacf5\uc9c0\ub2a5(Artificial intelligence)\uc740 \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0 \uc0dd\uc131\uc774\ub098, \uadf8\ub7f4\uc2f8\ud574 \ubcf4\uc774\ub294 \ucc57\ubd07 \uadf8 \uc774\uc0c1\uc774\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \uc774\ub294 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc5d0 \uae30\ubc18\ud558\uba70 \ub178\ubca8\uc5d0 \ubc84\uae08\uac00\ub294 \ub178\ub825\uc758 \uc0b0\uc2e4\uc774\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc740 AI\ub77c\uace0 \ud558\uba74 ChatGPT\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ucc57\ubd07\uc774\ub098 DALL-E \uac19\uc774 \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0 \uc0dd\uc131, \ub610\ub294 \ub2e8\ubc31\uc9c8\uc758 \uc911\ucca9\uad6c\uc870\ub97c \uc608\uce21\ud558\ub294 AlphaFold\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uacfc\ud559\uc6a9 \uc5b4\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc744 \ub5a0\uc62c\ub9b0\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4 \uc911 \uc778\uacf5\uc9c0\ub2a5 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c(Artificial Intelligence System)\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec\uc5d0 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc774 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc740 \uadf9\uc18c\uc218\uc77c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc778\uacf5\uc2e0\uacbd\ub9dd(Artificial Neural Network)\uc774\ub780 \uac1c\ub150\uc740 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc758 \uc138 \ubd84\uc57c \uc989, Biophysics, Statistical physics, Computational physics\uc774 \uc735\ud569\ub41c \uc5f0\uad6c\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\ub85c \ucc98\uc74c \uacb0\uc2e4\uc744 \ub9fa\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub300\ub7b5 1980\ub144\ub300 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc8fc\uc694 \ud559\ubb38\uc801 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \ud1a0\ub300\ub85c \uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \uc778\uacf5\uc9c0\ub2a5\uacfc \uba38\uc2e0\ub7ec\ub2dd\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ud65c\uc6a9\uc774 \uc77c\uc0c1 \uc0dd\ud65c \uc18d \ub354\uc6b1 \uae4a\uc774 \uc790\ub9ac\ub97c \uc7a1\uc544 \uac08 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>AI \uae30\ub2a5\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec\uc5d0\ub294 \ubd88\uc644\uc804\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc774\ub4e0 \uc190\uc0c1\ub41c \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc774\ub4e0 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ub0b4\uc5d0 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \ud328\ud134\uc744 \uc778\uc2dd\ud558\ub294 \ub2a5\ub825\uc774 \uc790\ub9ac\uc7a1\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \ub450\ub1cc\ub294 \uc774\ub97c \uc790\ub3d9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc218\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc AI\ub294 \uc2ec\uc9c0\uc5b4 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \ud615\ud0dc\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc804\ubb38\uc131\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4 \uc870\ucc28 \ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\ub358 \uac83\uc744 \ud6e8\uc52c \ub6f0\uc5b4\ub098\uac8c \ud574 \ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc624\ub298\ub0a0 AI\ub294 \ucc9c\ubb38\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c\ubd80\ud130 \uc758\ud559, \uc785\uc790\ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\ub294 \uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uac04\uc744 \ub2a5\uac00\ud558\ub294 \uacfc\ud559\uc6a9 \uc5b4\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4 \ub0b4\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uadf8\uac83\ub4e4\uc758 \uae30\ubc18\uc740 \uc120\uad6c\uc790\uc801\uc778 \ub450 \uba85\uc758 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc790\ub85c \uac70\uc2ac\ub7ec \uc62c\ub77c\uac04\ub2e4. John Hopfield\ub294 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uc778\uacf5 \uc2e0\uacbd\ub9dd \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud588\uc73c\uba70 Geoffrey Hinton\uc740 Hopfied\uc758 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \ubaa8\ub378\uc778 Boltsmann machine\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\ub294\ub370 \uc774\uac83\uc774 \uc624\ub298\ub0a0\uc758 \ud604\ub300\uc801\uc778 AI\uc640 \uba38\uc2e0\ub7ec\ub2dd \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\ub4e4\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc84c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub4e4\uc758 \uc5c5\uc801\uc774 \uc65c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/prizes\/physics\/2024\/press-release\/\">2024\ub144 \ub178\ubca8 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc0c1<\/a>\uc744 \uc218\uc0c1\ud588\ub294\uc9c0 \uadf8 \uc774\uc720\uac00 \ubc14\ub85c \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/0*v3bl5QmV4o81dnnh.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>The 2024 Nobel Prize in physics was awarded to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton for their pioneering advances to artificial neural networks, which have led, eventually to the explosion of generative AI applications we\u2019re familiar with today.<\/em>&nbsp;(<a href=\"https:\/\/niklaselmehed.com\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Credit<\/a>: Niklas Elmehed)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;\uc778\uacf5\uc9c0\ub2a5&#8221;\uc774 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uacfc \uc5f0\uad00\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0dd\uac01\uc740 \uc880 \uac70\ub9ac\uac10\uc774 \ub290\uaef4\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. &#8220;Computer Science \uc5c5\uc801\uc774 \uc65c \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \ub178\ubca8\uc0c1\uc744 \uc218\uc0c1\ud588\uc744\uae4c?&#8221;\ub77c\uace0 \uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c \ubc18\ubb38\ud574 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ubb3c\ub860 \ud45c\uba74\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uadf8 \uad00\ub828\uc131\uc774 \ub69c\ub837\ud574 \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc88b\uc740 \uc9c8\ubb38\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \ud558\uc704 \ubd84\uc57c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\uc0dd\ubb3c \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559(biophysics)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud1b5\uacc4 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559(statistical physics)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\uadf8\ub9ac\uace0, \uacc4\uc0b0 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559(computational physics)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5ec\ub2e4 \ubcf4\uba74 \uad81\uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub9cc\uc871\ud560 \ub9cc\ud55c \ud574\ub2f5\uc774 \ub4dc\ub7ec\ub09c\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788, \uba38\uc2e0\ub7ec\ub2dd\uc758 \uadfc\uac04\uc740 \ud1b5\uacc4\ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc744 \uae30\ucd08\ub85c\ud558\uba70 \uc778\uacf5\uc9c0\ub2a5 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\uc758 \ud0c4\uc0dd\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c0\uac8c \ud55c \uc0dd\uac01\uc740 \uc0dd\ubb3c \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc131\uc7a5\uc744 \ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"7989\">\uc0dd\ubb3c \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559 \ub610\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801 \uc758\ubbf8\uc758 \uc0dd\ubb3c\ud559 \uc815\uc218\uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub294 \ub450\ub1cc, \ud2b9\ud788 \uc778\uac04\uc758 \ub450\ub1cc\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ub3d9\uc791\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc544\uc8fc \uc624\ub79c \uc2dc\uac04 \ub3d9\uc548 \ub17c\uc7c1\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \uc758\uc2dd\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud574 \uc624\uba74\uc11c \uc778\uac04 \ub450\ub1cc\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uae30\ucd08\uc801 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc740 \uac16\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc9c0\ubc29\uacfc, \uc18c\uae08, \uc2e0\uacbd\uc138\ud3ec, \uc2e0\uacbd\uad50\uc138\ud3ec(glial cell)\uac00 \uc11c\ub85c \ubb49\uccd0\uc9c4 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc758 \uc6b0\ub9ac \ub450\ub1cc\ub294 \uc804\uae30\uc2e0\ud638\uc5d0 \uc758\uc874\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc804\uae30\uc2e0\ud638\uac00 \ub1cc\ub97c \uc9c0\ub098\uac08 \ub54c \ub274\ub7f0(neuron)\uacfc \uc2dc\ub135\uc2a4(synapse)\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ub9dd(\ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c)\uc744 \uac70\uccd0\uac04\ub2e4. \uc5ec\ub7ec \ub274\ub7f0\uc774 \ud568\uaed8 \ubc1c\ud654\ub418\uac70\ub098 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc790\uadf9\uc744 \ubc1b\uc73c\uba74 \uc774\ub4e4\uac04\uc758 \uc5f0\uacb0\uc740 \uc810\uc810 \ub354 \uac15\ud574\uc9c0\uac70\ub098 \uac15\ud654(reinforced)\ub41c\ub2e4. \uacfc\uac70\ub85c \uac70\uc2ac\ub7ec 1949\ub144\uc5d0 \uc2e0\uacbd\uc2ec\ub9ac\ud559\uc790(neuropsychologist) Donald Hebb\ub294 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hebbian_theory\">Hebbian learning<\/a>\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc774\ub860\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud588\ub294\ub370 \uc774\ub294 \uc815\ud655\ud788 \ub274\ub7f0\ub4e4\uac04\uc758 \uc5f0\uacb0(connection)\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158\uc774\uc5c8\uace0 \uc0b4\uc544\uc788\ub294 \ub450\ub1cc\uc5d0\uc11c &#8220;\ud559\uc2b5&#8221;\ud558\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc84c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/0*Ynk07TGqB4tS2_Fq\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>The human brain is generally regarded as a marvel, with an estimated 86 billion neurons and some 7000 times as many connections between neurons in each adult brain. While many are projecting that there will be more connections and \u201cneuron equivalents\u201d to artificial intelligence-powered machines in the near future, the human brain is composed of a lot more than neurons (including enormous numbers of glial cells), and its complexity is not yet fully understood.&nbsp;<\/em>(Credit: nobeastsofierce \/ Adobe Stock)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774\ub807\uac8c \ud574\uc11c, &#8220;\uc778\uacf5&#8221; \ub450\ub1cc\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uac70\ub098 \uc801\uc5b4\ub3c4 \uc774\uc640 \ube44\uc2b7\ud55c \ub3d9\uc791\uc744 \ud558\ub294 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\ub97c \uad6c\uc131\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ud328\ud134 \uc778\uc2dd\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \ud559\uc2b5\ub2a5\ub825\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \ubb34\uc5b8\uac00\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc218 \uc788\uaca0\ub2e4\ub77c\ub294 \ucd94\ub860\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc774\uc5b4\uc84c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub098\ud0c0\ub09c \uc544\uc774\ub514\uc5b4\uac00 \uc778\uacf5\uc2e0\uacbd\ub9dd(artificial neural network)\uc73c\ub85c \uc54c\ub824\uc9c0\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uc778\uacf5\uc2e0\uacbd\ub9dd\uc740 \uc2e4\uc81c \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ucef4\ud4e8\ud130 \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158\uc758 \ud55c \uc885\ub958\uc600\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0\ub294<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\ud2b9\uc815 \uac12\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\ub294 \ub178\ub4dc\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uba70 \uc774\ub294 \ub274\ub7f0\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ub178\ub4dc\ub4e4 \uac04\uc5d0\ub294 \ud615\uc131\ub41c \uc5f0\uacb0(connection)\uc740 \ub178\ub4dc\ub4e4\uc774 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc790\uadf9\uc744 \ubc1b\ub290\ub0d0 \uc544\ub2c8\ub0d0\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc774\ub4e4 \uc5f0\uacb0\uc774 \uac15\ud654\ub418\uac70\ub098 \uc57d\ud574\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc5f0\uacb0\uc740 \uc2dc\ub0c5\uc2a4(synapses)\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc5f0\uacb0\ub41c \ub178\ub4dc\ub4e4\uc744 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc790\uadf9\uc744 \uc900\ub2e4\uba74 \uc774 \uc5f0\uacb0(connection)\uc740 \uac15\ud654\ub420 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ubc18\uba74 \ub2e4\ub978 \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 \ub178\ub4dc\ub4e4\uc774 \uc790\uadf9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0\uc11c \ud558\ub098\uc758 \ub178\ub4dc\ub9cc \uc790\uadf9\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74(\ud639\uc740 \ubc18\ub300\ub85c) \uc774 \uc5f0\uacb0\uc740 \uc57d\ud574\uc9c8 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"8431\">\uc774\uc81c \uc624\ub798\uc804\uc5d0 \ubcf4\uace0, \ub4e3\uace0, \uacbd\ud5d8\ud55c \uac83\ub4e4\uc744 \uae30\uc5b5\ud574\ub0b4\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \ub5a0\uc62c\ub824 \ubcf4\uc790. \uba87 \ub2ec\uc804\uc5d0 \ud154\ub808\ube44\uc83c \uc448\uc778 \u201cDont\u2019t Forget the Lyrics\u201d\uc758 \ud55c \uc5d0\ud53c\uc18c\ub4dc\ub97c \ubcf4\uba74\uc11c Rick James\uc758 \ub178\ub798 \u201cSuper Freak\u201d\uc774 \uc5f0\uc8fc\ub420 \ub54c \uae00\uc758 \uc800\uc790\ub294 \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c \uacbd\ud5d8\ud55c \uc801\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. \uadf8 \ub178\ub798\ub294 \uc790\uc8fc \ub4e4\uc5c8\ub358 \ub178\ub798\uc600\uace0 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac00\uc0ac\ub97c \uc548\ub2e4\uace0 \uc790\uc2e0\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc544\ub798\uc758 \uac00\uc0ac \ub2e4\uc74c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc74c\uc545\uc774 \uba48\ucdc4\uc744 \ub54c \uadf8\ub294 \ub2f9\ud669\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6e0\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201c<em>That girl is pretty wild now, the girl\u2019s a super freak<br>the kind of girl ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___<\/em>\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uadf8\ub294 \uadf8 \ub178\ub798\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac00\uc0ac\ub97c \ub2e4 \uc54c\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. <em>that girl is pretty kinky, the girl\u2019s a super freak<\/em>;\u00a0<em>I really love to taste her, every time we meet<\/em> \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uadf8\ub807\ub2e4\uace0 \ub2f5\uc774 \ub5a0\uc624\ub974\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4. \uc139\uc18c\ud3f0 \uc194\ub85c\ub97c \ud5c8\ubc0d\ud574 \ubcf4\uc558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc774\uac83\ub3c4 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0 \ub2e4\uc74c \uadf8 \uac00\uc0ac \uc808(verse) \uc804\uccb4\ub97c \ub178\ub798\ub85c \ubd88\ub7ec \ubcf4\uc558\ub2e4. \uc774\ud6c4 \ub1cc\uac00 \ub3cc\uc544\uac00\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\ub2e4. \u201c<em>that girl is pretty wild now, the girl\u2019s a super freak, the kind of girl\u00a0<\/em><strong><em>you read about, in new wave magazines<\/em><\/strong>\u201c. \uadf8 \ud6c4 \uc800\uc790\ub294 \u201cOH MY GOD, I AM THE SMARTEST MAN ALIVE!\u201c\ub77c\uace0 \ub418\ub0b4\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"31c1\">\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c \ubb34\uc2a8 \uc77c\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub09c \uac78\uae4c? \uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\ub4e4\uc774 \uccb4\ud5d8 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ub290\ub08c\uc77c\uae4c? \ub1cc\uac00 \uc788\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \ubd88\uc644\uc804\ud55c \uae30\uc5b5\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc5d0\uac8c \uc774\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \uae30\uc5b5\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ub3d9\uc791\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \ub2e8\ud3b8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \ub1cc \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0c1\ud638 \uc5f0\uad00\ub41c \ubd80\ubd84\ub4e4 \uc989, \uae30\uc5b5\uc774 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc9c8 \ub54c \uc790\uadf9 \ubc1b\uc558\ub358 \ubd80\ubd84\uacfc \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uacfc\uac70 \uadf8 \uae30\uc5b5\uc744 \ud68c\uc0c1\ud560 \ub54c \uc790\uadf9 \ubc1b\uc558\ub358 \ubd80\ubd84\uc5d0 \uc790\uadf9\uc744 \uc8fc\uba74 \ub1cc \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \ucc3e\uace0\uc790 \ud588\ub358 \ud328\ud134\uc774 \u201c\uc18c\ud658\ub418\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\ub294\u201d \uc9c0\uc810\uc73c\ub85c \uc790\uadf9\uc744 \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc704\ub300\ud55c \uc544\uc774\ub514\uc5b4(big idea)\ub294 \uc5f0\uad00\uae30\uc5b5(associated memory)\ub85c \uc54c\ub824\uc838 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \ub450\ub1cc\ub294 \ud328\ud134\uc744 \uc800\uc7a5\ud560 \ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uacfc\uac70 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud588\ub358 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc744 \u201c\ub2e4\uc2dc \uae30\uc5b5\ud574 \ub0bc \ub54c\u201c \uc774 \ud328\ud134\uc744 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4 \ub0b4\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ud0d0\uc0c9\uacfc\uc815\uc744 \uac70\uce58\uae30\ub3c4 \ud55c\ub2e4. \ub1cc \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \ub274\ub7f0\uc744 \uac1c\ubcc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uad00\ucc30\ud574 \ubcf4\ub294 \uac83\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uc774\uac83\uc774 \uba85\ud655\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc65c\ub0d0\ud558\uba74 \uc774\ub294 \ub1cc \uc18d\uc758 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc601\uc5ed\uc774 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc791\ub3d9\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud615\ud0dc\uc758 \uc791\uc6a9\uc774\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"e294\">\uc774 \uc704\ub300\ud55c \uc544\uc774\ub514\uc5b4\ub294 \uacfc\uac70 \ubd84\uc790 \uc0dd\ubb3c\ud559 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \ud588\uace0 \uc774\ud6c4 \uc2e0\uacbd\ub9dd(neural network)\uc5d0 \uad00\uc2ec\uc744 \uac16\uac8c\ub41c \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc790 John Hopfield\uc5d0\uac8c \uc601\uac10\uc744 \uc8fc\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ubc1c\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ub274\ub7f0\ub4e4\uc758 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc801 \ud589\ud0dc\ub97c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc9d1\ub2e8\ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \ubcf4\uc774\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \ubb3c\ub9ac\uc801 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 \uc720\uc0ac\uc131\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud588\ub2e4. \uc720\uccb4\uc758 \ud750\ub984\uc5d0\uc11c \ud615\uc131\ub418\ub294 \uc18c\uc6a9\ub3cc\uc774\uc640 \uc790\uc131\uc744 \ub744\ub294 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c(magnetized system)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6d0\uc790\uc640 \ubd84\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \ud5a5\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc744 \uc608\ub85c \ub4e4 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. Hopfield\ub294 \uc774\ub7f0 \ub274\ub7f0\ub4e4\uc758 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc801\uc778 \ub3d9\uc791\uc740 \uc5f0\uc0b0\uc744 \ud558\uac70\ub098 \ud559\uc2b5\ud558\ub294 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \uac00\uc9c8 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc0c1\uc0c1\ud574 \ubcf4\uc558\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0 \ub2e4\uc74c \uc778\uacf5\uc2e0\uacbd\ub9dd\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc2dc\uc5f0\ud574 \ubcf4\uc784\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc774\ub97c \uc99d\uba85\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/0*RFuBKX2-J40hn-BU.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Natural neurons are connected to one another across various synapses, and as synaptic connections are strengthened, neurons become more likely to fire together: something that occurs when the brain learns. An artificial neural network models these neurons as nodes that are encoded with a specific value, and the connectedness of the nodes can strengthen or weaken dependent on whether they take on identical or different values from one another<\/em>. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/uploads\/2024\/10\/popular-physicsprize2024.pdf\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Credit<\/a>: Johan Jarnestad\/Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Hopfield\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ucef4\ud4e8\ud130 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8 \ud615\ud0dc\uc758 \uc778\uacf5\uc2e0\uacbd\ub9dd\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \uac83\ubd80\ud130 \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\ub294\ub370 \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc218\uc758 \ub178\ub4dc\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uace0 \uc774\ub4e4 \uac01 \ub178\ub4dc\ub294 0 \ub610\ub294 1 \uc758 \uac12\ub9cc \uac00\uc9c0\ub3c4\ub85d \ud588\ub2e4. \uc790\uc131\uc744 \ub744\ub294 \ub9ce\uc740 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc5d0\uc11c\ucc98\ub7fc \uc778\uc811\ud55c \ub178\ub4dc(\ub610\ub294 \uc6d0\uc790\/\ubd84\uc790)\ub4e4\uc758 \uc2a4\ud540 \uac12\uc740 \ubaa9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ub294 \ub178\ub4dc(\uc989, \uc6d0\uc790\/\ubd84\uc790)\uc758 \uac12\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce60 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \uc2e0\uacbd\ub9dd\uc5d0\uc11c \ub178\ub4dc\ub4e4\uc758 \uac12\uc740 \ubd80\ubd84\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc5f0\uacb0\ub41c \ub178\ub4dc\ub4e4\uc758 \uac12\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uacb0\uc815\ub418\uc5b4 \uc9c4\ub2e4. \uc790\uc131\uc744 \ub748 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc740 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\uac00 \ud3c9\ud615\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\uac70\ub098 \ucd5c\uc18c\ud654\ub418\ub294 \uc870\uac74\uc73c\ub85c \ud5a5\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\ud5a5\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc Hopfield\ub294 \uc0ac\uc804 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\ub41c \uc77c\ub828\uc758 \ud328\ud134\uc744 \ub530\ub77c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub178\ub4dc\ub4e4\uc758 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\uac00 \ucd5c\uc18c\ud654 \ub418\ub3c4\ub85d \uc778\uacf5 \uc2e0\uacbd\ub9dd\uc744 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d \ud588\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 &#8220;\ud559\uc2b5&#8221;\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc14b\uc73c\ub85c \uc0dd\uac01\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"04ab\">\uc0dd\uac01 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ub610\ub2e4\ub978 \ubc29\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\ub85c 14\uce78, \uc138\ub85c 19\uce78\uc73c\ub85c \ub41c \ucd1d 266 \uce78\uc758 \uaca9\uc790\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0c1\uc0c1\ud574\ubcf4\uc790. \uc2dc\uc791 \uc2dc\uc810\uc5d0 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc785\ub825 \ud328\ud134\uc774 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c0\uba70 \uc774 \ud328\ud134 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc5b4\ub5a0\ud55c \uac83\uacfc\ub3c4 \ube44\uc2b7\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\uc790. \uadf8\ub807\uc9c0\ub9cc \ucc38\uc870 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc77c\ub828\uc758 \ud328\ud134\ub4e4\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4\uba74(\uc800\uc7a5\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub358 \ud328\ud134\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud558\uc790) \uc774\ub4e4 \ucc38\uc870\ud328\ud134\ub4e4 \uc911 \uc785\ub825\ud328\ud134\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ud328\ud134\uacfc \uac00\uc7a5 \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \uc9c0 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc77c\uc77c\uc774 \ub9e4\uce6d\uc2dc\ucf1c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \ubc18\ubcf5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c4\ud589\ud558\uba74\uc11c \ub9e4 \ub2e8\uacc4\ub9c8\ub2e4 \ucc38\uc870\ud328\ud134\ub4e4\uacfc \uc880 \ub354 \uc720\uc0ac\ud558\uac8c \ub9e4\uce6d\ub418\ub3c4\ub85d \uc785\ub825\ud328\ud134\uc744 \uc815\uc81c\uc2dc\ucf1c \ub098\uac04\ub2e4. \uc2ec\uc9c0\uc5b4 \uc785\ub825\ud328\ud134\uc5d0 \ub178\uc774\uc988\uac00 \ub07c\uac70\ub098 \ubd88\uc644\uc804\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \ub610\ub294 \uc77c\ubd80\uac00 \ub204\ub77d\ub41c \uacbd\uc6b0\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \uac70\uce58\uace0 \ub098\uba74 \uc800\uc7a5\ub41c \ud328\ud134 \uc911 \uc785\ub825\ud328\ud134\uacfc \uac00\uc7a5 \uc798 \ub9e4\uce6d\ub294 \uc815\ud655\ud55c \ud328\ud134\uc744 \ubcf5\uc6d0\ud574 \ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/0*dp_5Jc2pq7RiNOuy.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>The idea of Hopfield\u2019s model is that there exists a landscape of possible outputs: solutions that can be arrived at, for any set of inputs. Even in the case of noisy, corrupted, or otherwise imperfect inputs, the most preferred \u201cvalley\u201d will correspond to one of the saved patterns that is the best match, according to the algorithm and the training data, for the input pattern.<\/em>&nbsp;(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/uploads\/2024\/10\/popular-physicsprize2024.pdf\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Credit<\/a>: Johan Jarnestad\/Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubcf4\uba74 \ucd08\ubcf4\uc801\uc77c\uc9c0 \ubaa8\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc Hopfield\uac00 \uc81c\uc791\ud55c \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\ub97c \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \uc218\ud589\ub41c \uc774 \ud328\ud134\ub9e4\uce6d\uc740 \ubd88\uc644\uc804 \ud639\uc740 \ub204\ub77d\ub41c \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc640 &#8220;\uc2e4\uc81c&#8221; \ucc38\uc870 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc14b\uc744 \ube44\uad50\ud574 \ub9e4\uce6d \ud328\ud134\uc744 \ucc3e\ub294\ub370 \uae38\uc744 \uae54\uc544\uc8fc\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc544\uc9c1\ub3c4 \uac1d\uccb4\uc778\uc2dd\uacfc \ucef4\ud4e8\ud130 \ube44\uc804\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0 \ubd84\uc11d \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0 \uc774\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc751\uc6a9 \uc5b4\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 Hopfield\uc758 \uc6d0\ubcf8 \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 &#8220;\uc800\uc7a5\ub41c \ud328\ud134&#8221;\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\ub2f5\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc774\ub294 \uac1c\ubcc4 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc14b\uc774 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc774\ub4e0 \uadfc\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc774 \uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. \ub2e8\uc9c0 \ud328\ud134\uc744 \ub9e4\uce6d\ud558\ub294 \ud615\ud0dc\uc774\uace0 \uc0dd\uc131\ud615\uc5d0 \uadfc\uac04\uc744 \ub454 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"8aed\">\uc774 \ubd84\uc57c\uac00 \uc62c \ud574 \ub178\ubca8 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc0c1\uc758 \ub610\ub2e4\ub978 \uc218\uc0c1\uc790\uc778 Geoffrey Hinton\uc758 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc601\uc5ed\uc774\ub2e4. \ud2b9\uc815\ud55c \uac1c\ubcc4 \ud328\ud134\uc5d0 \ucd1b\uc810\uc744 \ub9de\ucd94\uae30 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \ucc38\uc870 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc14b\uc5d0 \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub358 \ud328\ud134\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uc5ec \ud328\ud134\uc758 \ud1b5\uacc4\ubd84\ud3ec\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \uc77c\ubc18\ud654 \uc2dc\ucf30\ub2e4. (\uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uba74 \ucc38\uc870 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc14b\uc5d0 \uc54c\ud30c\ubcb3 26\uac1c \uae00\uc790\ub9cc \uc788\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ud1b5\uacc4\ubd84\ud3ec\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \u00e6\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uae00\uc790\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ubb36\uc74c \ubb38\uc790\ub3c4 \uae30\ub300\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.) \ubb38\uc790\uc5f4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc810\ucc0d\ud78c \u201ct\u201d\ub77c\ub4e0\uac00 \uc5c7\uac08\ub9b0 \u201di\u201d\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uc774\uc804 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf4\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud588\ub358 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud574\uacb0\ucc45 \ucd9c\ud604\ud560 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \uae30\ub300\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hinton\uc758 \uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 \ud070 \uc9c4\uc804\uc740 \ucd08\uae30\ub2e8\uacc4\uc758 Hopfield \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc9c4\uc815\ud55c \uc0dd\uc131\ud615 \ubaa8\ub378(Boltzman machine)\ub85c \ucd5c\ucd08 \ub300\uccb4\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/0*fMJHcMu3WlHvsLtw.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>In a Hopfield network, all nodes are connected to each other, and connections between nodes are weighted. In a Boltzmann machine, there are layers of visible nodes (inputs and outputs), with a network of hidden nodes between them. In a restricted Boltzmann machine, there are no connections between nodes of the same layer, only between nodes of neighboring, different layers<\/em>. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/uploads\/2024\/10\/popular-physicsprize2024.pdf\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Credit<\/a>: Johan Jarnestad\/Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Boltzman machine\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ucd08\uae30 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\ub294 \uc785\ub825 \ub610\ub294 \uc785\ub825 \uc9d1\ud569\uc744 \uc804\ub2ec\ud558\uace0, \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\uc5d0\ub294 \ucef4\ud4e8\ud130 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc774 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\ub294 \uacb0\uacfc \ub610\ub294 \uacb0\uacfc \uc9d1\ud569\uc744 \uc804\ub2ec \ubc1b\ub294\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc785\ub825\uacfc \ucd9c\ub825 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac1c\uc758 Hidden \ub808\uc774\uc5b4\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c hidden \ub178\ub4dc\ub294 \uc785\ub825\uacfc \ucd9c\ub825\uc744 \ubd84\ub9ac\uc2dc\ud0a4\uba70 \uc9c4\ud589 \uc911\uac04 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 Hidden \ub178\ub4dc\ub4e4\uc740 \ucc38\uc870 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc14b\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\ub3c4 \uc544\ub2c8\uace0 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774\ub098 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc785\ub825\ub41c \uac83\ub3c4 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 Hidden \ub808\uc774\uc5b4\ub294 \ubd84\uc11d\uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ud6e8\uc52c \ub354 \uc77c\ubc18\ud654\ub41c \ud655\ub960\ubd84\ud3ec\uac00 \ud3ec\ud568\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \uc774\uc81c\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc9c1\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc774 \ubc1c\uacac\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud588\ub358 \uc608\uc0c1\uce58 \ubabb\ud55c \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \ub0b3\uac8c \ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"fa8e\">\ucef4\ud4e8\ud305 \uc790\uc6d0\uc774 \ube44\ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub418\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 Boltzman machine\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc720\ud615\uc758 \ucef4\ud4e8\ud130\uac00 \ube44\ub85d \uc751\uc6a9 \uc5b4\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc5d0 \uc81c\ud55c\uc801\uc774\ub77c \ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 Hinton\uacfc \ub2e4\ub978 \ub3d9\ub8cc\ub4e4\uc774 \ub354 \ubc1c\uc804\ub41c \ubaa8\ub378\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \uacc4\uae30\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\uc785\ub825\uac12\ub4e4\uacfc hidden layer\ub97c \uc5f0\uacb0\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ucd5c\uc885 \uacb0\uacfc\uac12\uc73c\ub85c \uc5f0\uacb0\ub418\uae30 \uc804\uc5d0 hidden layer\ub294 \ub610\ub2e4\ub978 hidden layer\uc640 \uc5f0\uacb0\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\uadf8\ub7f0 \ub2e4\uc74c, back propagation(\uc5ed\uc804\ub2ec)\uc744 \ubc1c\ub3d9\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0 \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 hidden layer\ub4e4\uc740 \uc11c\ub85c \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9\uc744 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uba70<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ucd5c\uc885\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \ucd5c\uc801\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\uac12\uc774 \ub418\ub3c4\ub85d \uc735\ud569\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc9c4\uc804\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc2ec\uce35\uc801\uc778 \uc6d0\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc5c4\uccad \uc911\uc694\ud574 \uc84c\ub2e4. Hidden layer\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ub9dd(network)\uc740 \uacfc\uac70 hidden layer\uac00 \uc5c6\uc774\ub294 \uadfc\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uacb0\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub358 \uc77c\uc744 \uc218\ud589 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud559\uc2b5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc99d\uba85\ud574 \ubcf4\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/0*TFPG6GsHsinEytfo.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>This example of a feedward network (without backpropagation) is an example of a restricted Boltzmann machine: where there is at least one hidden layer between the input layer and the output layer, and where nodes are only connected between different layers: not between nodes of the same layer<\/em>. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/uploads\/2024\/09\/advanced-physicsprize2024.pdf\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Credit<\/a>: The Nobel Committee for Physics, 2024)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc785\ub825\uacfc hidden(input-hidden), hidden\uacfc \ucd9c\ub825(hidden-output)\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc720\ud615\uc758 \ub178\ub4dc\ub4e4 \ub07c\ub9ac\ub9cc \uc5f0\uacb0\ub418\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uace0 input-input, output-output, \ub610\ub294 hidden-hidden\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c layer\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ud0c0\uc785\uc758 \ub178\ub4dc\ub4e4\ub07c\ub9ac\ub294 \uc11c\ub85c \uc5f0\uacb0\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uc81c\uc57d\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc5f0\uc0b0 \uc18d\ub3c4\uac00 \uac1c\uc120\ub418\uace0 \ud6a8\uc728\uc131\uc774 \uc5c4\uccad \uc88b\uc544\uc84c\ub2e4. Hidden \ub178\ub4dc\ub4e4\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uacfc \uadf8 \uae30\ub2a5\uc740 \uc774\uc81c \ubd80\uc778\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"799a\">\uc774 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uae30\uc220\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \uc131\uacf5\uc801 \uc5b4\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\ub4e4\uc774 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ubbfc\ucca9\ud558\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc9c0\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\ub2e4. \uc740\ud589\ub4e4\uc740 \uc774\uc81c \uc218\ud45c\uc5d0 \uc218\uae30\ub85c \uc791\uc131\ud55c \uc22b\uc790(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)\ub97c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \uac1c\uc785\uc5c6\uc774 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uc2dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc5b8\uc5b4\ub97c \ub5a0\ub098 \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ub41c \ud328\ud134, \uc2ec\uc9c0\uc5b4 \uc758\ub8cc \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ub41c \ud328\ud134\ub4e4\ub3c4 \uc778\uc2dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc608\uc0c1\uce58 \ubabb\ud588\ub358 \ubd80\ubd84 \uc911 \ucd08\uae30\uc5d0 \uc9c4\uc804\uc744 \uc774\ub8ec \uac83\uc740 \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\uc758 &#8220;\ubaa8\uc11c\ub9ac&#8221;\uc5d0 \uc704\uce58\ud55c \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc744 \ud30c\uc545\ud558\ub294 \ub2a5\ub825\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc694\uc998\uc740 \uac70\uc758 \uc2e4\uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \uac00\uae5d\uc6b0\uba74\uc11c \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uc5b8\uc5b4\ub97c \ub3d9\uc2dc \ud1b5\uc5ed\ud558\ub294 \uae30\uc220\uc740 \uc774\uc81c \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud55c \uae30\uc220\ub85c \uc5ec\uae30\uc9c0\ub9cc \uac70\uc2ac\ub7ec \uc62c\ub77c\uac00\uba74 \uc774\ub294 Hopfield\uc640 Hinton\uc5d0 \ube5a\uc744 \uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc148\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774\ud6c4 \ub3d9\ub4f1 \uc218\uc900\uc758 Deep\ud558\uace0 \ubc00\ub3c4\uac00 \ub192\uc740(Dense) \uc778\uacf5\uc2e0\uacbd\ub9dd(deep and dense artificial neural network)\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ub0b4\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc624\ud788\ub824 \ucef4\ud4e8\ud305 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \ud6e8\uc52c \ub354 \ub2e8\ucd95\uc2dc\ucf1c\uc8fc\ub294 \uc81c\ud55c\uc801\uc778 Boltsman machine \uae30\ubc18\uc758 \ud559\uc2b5\ubc29\ubc95\ub4e4\uc774 \uc81c\uc2dc\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/0*j6OGz4X-wF-wMU8c\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>A screenshot from a query about integers directed to iask.ai, along with its woefully incorrect response. The correct answer is -5, which requires inputting several additional prompts to coax the AI into the correct response.<\/em>&nbsp;(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iask.ai\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Credit<\/a>: E. Siegel\/iask.ai)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\ubb3c\ub860, \uc774\uc81c \uc778\uacf5 \uc2e0\uacbd\ub9dd \uc751\uc6a9\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc740 \ub110\ub9ac \ud655\uc0b0\ub418\uace0 \ud754\ud574 \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4. \uc758\uc2ec\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6b4 \uc9c4\uc2e4\uc131\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc790\uc2e0\uac10 \uc788\ub294 \uc120\uc5b8\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud130\ub137\uc744 \uac00\ub4dd \ucc44\uc6b0\ub294 \ucc57\ubd07\uacfc \ud14d\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uc0dd\uc131\uae30, \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc2dc\uac04\ub9cc \ub0ad\ube44\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc804 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d\ub41c(pre-programmed) \ub300\ud654\ud615 &#8220;\ub3c4\uc6b0\ubbf8&#8221;, \ucf58\ud150\uce20\ub97c \uc9d1\uacc4\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \uc791\uc5c5\uc5d0 \uc885\uc885 \uc2e4\ud328\ud558\ub294 AI &#8220;\ucd94\ucc9c&#8221; \uc694\uc57d \ub4f1\uc744 \ub4e4 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uae0d\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc751\uc6a9 \uc5b4\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\ub4e4\uc740 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubb34\uc218\ud788 \ub9ce\ub2e4. \uc778\uacf5\uc2e0\uacbd\ub9dd\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc77c\uc5d0 \ub6f0\uc5b4\ub09c \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ubc1c\ud718\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\uac00\uc7a5 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \uc218\ud559 \ud568\uc218\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ud6cc\ub96d\ud55c \ud568\uc218\uadfc\uc0ac\uc790\uac00 \ub428<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\uc815\ud655\ud558\uac8c \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158\ud558\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \uc5c4\ub450\ub97c \ub0b4\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud560 \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \uacc4\uc0b0 \uc9d1\uc57d\uc801\uc778 \ub2e4\uccb4 \uc591\uc790 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c(many-body quantum systems)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc811\uadfc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\uc6d0\uc790\uac04, \ubd84\uc790\uac04 \uc5ed\ud559 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc5d0 \ub6f0\uc5b4\ub098\uba70 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc720\ud615\uc758 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uacfc \uc774\ub4e4\uc774 \uac00\uc838\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \ud2b9\uc131\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc608\uce21\uc744 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\uac8c \ud568<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \ubb3c\ub9ac \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\uc7a5\uc131\uc774 \uc788\uc74c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\ubb34\uc218\ud788 \ub9ce\uc740 \ubb3c\ub9ac \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \uc751\uc6a9 \uc5b4\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc774 \uc788\uc73c\uba70 \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc5d0 \uae30\ubc18\ud55c \uae30\ud6c4\ubaa8\ub378\uacfc \ucda9\ub3cc \uac00\uc18d\uae30 \ub0b4\uc5d0\uc11c \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc785\uc790(\ud789\uc2a4\uc18c\ub9bd\uc790-Higgs boson-\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568)\ub97c \uac00\ub9ac\ud0a4\ub294 \uc785\uc790\uada4\uc801 \ud0d0\uc0c9, \ub0a8\uadf9\uc5d0 \uc704\uce58\ud55c IceCube \ud0d0\uc9c0\uae30\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc911\uc131\ubbf8\uc790\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \uc740\ud558\uc218 \ub9e4\ud551(\uc9c0\ub3c4\uc81c\uc791), \uc0ac\ub78c\uc5d0 \uae30\ubc18\ud55c \ud0d0\uc0c9 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub358 \ud0dc\uc591\uacc4 \ub108\uba38 \uc7a0\uc7ac \ud589\uc131\uc758 \uc774\ub3d9\uc744 \ud655\uc778, \uc2ec\uc9c0\uc5b4 Event Horizon \ub9dd\uc6d0\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \ube14\ub799\ud640\uc758 \uc0ac\uac74\uc758 \uc9c0\ud3c9\uc120(event horizon) \uccab \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub420 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \uc5b4\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\ub4f1\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/0*hsSBcC2doG0kv3Bq\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Size comparison of the two black holes imaged by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Collaboration: M87*, at the heart of the galaxy Messier 87, and Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), at the center of the Milky Way. Although Messier 87\u2019s black hole is easier to image because of the slow time variation, the one around the center of the Milky Way is the largest as viewed from Earth. Artificial neural networks were vital to analyzing and processing the data used to recover these images.<\/em>&nbsp;(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/images\/eso2208-eht-mwe\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Credit<\/a>: EHT collaboration (Acknowledgment: Lia Medeiros, xkcd))<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc544\uc774\ub7ec\ub2c8\ud558\uac8c\ub3c4 \uc778\ub958\uac00 \uc778\uacf5\uc2e0\uacbd\ub9dd\uc5d0 \uad00\uc2ec\uc744 \uac16\uac8c\ud55c \uacfc\ud559\uc778 \uc0dd\ubb3c\ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e4\uc2dc \ub418\ub3cc\uc544\uac00\ub294 \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc544\ub9c8\ub3c4 \uc0dd\ubb3c\ud559\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uc758\ud559\uc801\uc778 \uc751\uc6a9 \uc5b4\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc2ec\uce35\uc801\uc778 \uc601\uc5ed\uc77c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. AlphaFold\ub294 \uc544\ubbf8\ub178\uc0b0 \uc11c\uc5f4\ub9cc\uc744 \uc720\uc77c\ud558\uac8c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc 3\ucc28\uc6d0\uacfc 4\ucc28\uc6d0(tertiary, quaternary) \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uc5ec \uc644\uc804\ud558\uac8c \uc811\ud78c \ub2e8\ubc31\uc9c8 \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \uc608\uce21 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uacc4\uc0b0\ud574 \ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc778\uacf5\uc2e0\uacbd\ub9dd\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \uba38\uc2e0\ub7ec\ub2dd\uc740 \uc720\ubc29 X\uc120 \uc870\uc601 \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc720\ubc29\uc554 \uc870\uae30\ubc1c\uacac\uc744 \ud68d\uae30\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac1c\uc120\uc2dc\ucf1c\uc900\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud604\uc7ac \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \ub3c4\uad6c \uc911 MRI\ub85c \uc2e0\uccb4 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ubd80\uc704\ub97c \ucd2c\uc601\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \ud658\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ub418\ub294 \uc758\uc2dd\uc801, \ubb34\uc758\uc2dd\uc801 \ub3d9\uc791\uc744 \ubc14\ub85c\uc7a1\uc544 \uc904 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ucd5c\uace0\uc758 \ub3c4\uad6c\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"ea48\">\uc544\ub9c8\ub3c4 &#8220;\uc774\uac74 \ucef4\ud4e8\ud130 \uacfc\ud559\uc774\uc9c0 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\uc57c&#8221;\ub77c\uba70 \uac8c\uc774\ud2b8 \ud0a4\ud551\uc744 \ud558\uac70\ub098 \ubc18\ub300 \uc758\uacac\uc744 \ub0b4\ub294 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc790\uac00 \ub9ce\uc774 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc544\ub798\uc758 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ub611\uac19\uc740 \uc598\uae30\uac00 \uacfc\uac70 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ub5a0\uc62c\ub824 \uac83\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\ud654\ud559\ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559(chemical physics)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\uc0dd\ubb3c\ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559(biological physics &#8211; biophysics)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\uacc4\uc0b0\ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559(computational physics)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud1b5\uacc4\ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559(statistical physics)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\uc774 \ubc16\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc885\ub958\uc758 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559 \ud558\uc704\ubd84\uc57c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc740 \uc6d0\uc790\uc2dc\uacc4\uc640 \uc774\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ub9e5\ub77d\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04\uae30\ub85d(timekeeping)\uc5d0 \ub178\ubca8\uc0c1\uc774 \uc218\uc5ec\ub41c \uac83\uc744 \uc870\ub871\ud558\uace4 \ud588\ub2e4. \uc774\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ud5a5\ud55c \uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\ub2e4. \ub2e8\uc9c0 \uc774 \ubd84\uc57c\uac00 \uad00\uc2ec\uc744 \ubc1b\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\ub294 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559 \ud55c \ubd84\uc57c\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\ubb3c\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud574\uc11c \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ubd84\uba85 \ub178\ubca8\uc0c1\uc758 \uac00\uce58\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\ub3c4 \uc758\ubbf8\ud558\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\uc758 \uc120 \ub610\ub294 \uc545\uc5d0 AI\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub4e0, \uba38\uc2e0\ub7ec\ub2dd\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub4e0, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc778\uacf5\uc2e0\uacbd\ub9dd\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\ub4e0 \uc774\ub294 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc7c1\uc810\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc694\uc9c0\ub294 \uc774 \uc0c8\ub86d\uace0 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \uae30\uc220\uc744 \uc774\uc81c \ub354\uc6b1 \ud754\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uc811\ud558\uac8c\ub420 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uace0 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc801\uc778 \uc778\uc0ac\uc774\ud2b8\uac00 \uc774 \uae30\uc220\uc758 \ub3c4\uc785\uacfc \ud65c\uc6a9 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc5d0\uc11c \ud070 \uc9c4\uc804\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc774\ub108\ub9c8\uc774\ud2b8\uc640 \uace0\uc131\ub2a5 \ud3ed\uc57d\uc744 \ubc1c\uba85\ud55c \ub178\ubca8 \uc790\uc2e0\uc870\ucc28\ub3c4 \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \ubc1c\uba85\ud488\uc774 \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub420 \uc9c0\ub97c \uc81c\uc5b4\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub358 \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc \uc9c0\uae08\ubd80\ud130 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ub098\uc544 \uac00\ub290\ub0d0\ub294 \ub178\ubca8 \uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc758 \uad8c\ud55c \ubc16\uc5d0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc778\ub958\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uc774\ud6c4 \ub2e8\uacc4\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac \ubaa8\ub450\uc5d0\uac8c \ub2ec\ub824\uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc6d0\ubb38: <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/starts-with-a-bang\/how-ideas-from-physics-drive-ai-the-2024-nobel-prize-16c4d4d861c1\">How ideas from physics drive AI: the 2024 Nobel Prize<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc778\uacf5\uc9c0\ub2a5(Artificial intelligence)\uc740 \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0 \uc0dd\uc131\uc774\ub098, \uadf8\ub7f4\uc2f8\ud574 \ubcf4\uc774\ub294 \ucc57\ubd07 \uadf8 \uc774\uc0c1\uc774\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \uc774\ub294 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc5d0 \uae30\ubc18\ud558\uba70 \ub178\ubca8\uc5d0 \ubc84\uae08\uac00\ub294 \ub178\ub825\uc758 \uc0b0\uc2e4\uc774\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\ub2e4. \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc740 AI\ub77c\uace0 \ud558\uba74 ChatGPT\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ucc57\ubd07\uc774\ub098 DALL-E \uac19\uc774 \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0 \uc0dd\uc131, \ub610\ub294 \ub2e8\ubc31\uc9c8\uc758 \uc911\ucca9\uad6c\uc870\ub97c \uc608\uce21\ud558\ub294 AlphaFold\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uacfc\ud559\uc6a9 \uc5b4\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc744 \ub5a0\uc62c\ub9b0\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4 \uc911 \uc778\uacf5\uc9c0\ub2a5 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c(Artificial Intelligence System)\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec\uc5d0 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc774 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc740 \uadf9\uc18c\uc218\uc77c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc778\uacf5\uc2e0\uacbd\ub9dd(Artificial Neural Network)\uc774\ub780 \uac1c\ub150\uc740 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc758 \uc138 \ubd84\uc57c \uc989, Biophysics, Statistical physics, Computational physics\uc774 \uc735\ud569\ub41c \uc5f0\uad6c\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\ub85c \ucc98\uc74c \uacb0\uc2e4\uc744 \ub9fa\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub300\ub7b5 1980\ub144\ub300 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc8fc\uc694&#8230;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/skanto.co.kr\/?p=1617\"> Read More<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">  Read More<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[14,7],"tags":[48,166,167],"class_list":["post-1617","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sw-development","category-7","tag-ai","tag-166","tag-167"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/skanto.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1617","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/skanto.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/skanto.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skanto.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skanto.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1617"}],"version-history":[{"count":85,"href":"https:\/\/skanto.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1617\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1722,"href":"https:\/\/skanto.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1617\/revisions\/1722"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/skanto.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1617"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skanto.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1617"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skanto.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1617"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}